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Originally posted by condor
I had a chat with Norman last year at the FoS and he swore blind that he wouldn't touch computers etc.
Rather surprised he didn't mention a book was n the offing - not doubting it - just surprised.
As background to the above, I asked Paul Skilleter for some info on how he went about writing the book with Norman's help. Paul's reply is a small book in itself but I hope you all find it of interest and get an insight into the mind of a book author!
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I’m often asked how long it took to write Norman’s book, and how I went about the job, so for those who are interested, these are the answers.
The task of putting it all on screen took about 18 months of 12 hour days, including most weekends and with no holidays bar the occasion two or three day break (over and above this, I also had to fit in my regular work for Jaguar World Monthly and other magazines, so the average working day was often more like 16 hours). If I had started properly when I first proposed the book to Norman in 1999, the effort wouldn’t have been so intensive – but on the other hand, I believe one is much more efficient if undertaking a project like this over a concentrated period of time, because it is easier to keep all the elements in mind.
However, prior to beginning the writing process as described, from about 2002 Norman and I met regularly to go over his working life, and we also visited a number of his former Jaguar and motor industry colleagues. This resulted in approx. 30 hours of tape recordings, which over a period I transcribed word for word onto the computer (which takes approximately three times as long as the ‘real time’ recording). These tape recorded interviews formed the first primary source.
The second primary source was Norman’s archives, which included his company files which at my suggestion he took with him when he retired in 1985. These cover much of his working life at Jaguar from 1952 to 1985 and comprise test reports, memos to and from Norman, diaries, technical papers and other literature. They amounted to around 5,000 separate sheets of paper plus various notebooks and drawings etc., and these with the help of my son I photocopied, photographed or made notes from, before returning them to Norman.
A good friend, Gilbert Mond, then indexed this run of paper by car model, date and subject, so that the resulting computer file allowed me to search for the subjects I wanted. Using this search facility, I then sorted the papers according to model, because, broadly speaking, that was how the book is arranged – chronologically by model. Without Gilbert’s assistance, the book would have taken another six months to have completed.
The third primary source was my own existing collection of tape recorded interviews with Jaguar personnel, the earliest, I think, extending back to one I did with Lofty England in 1973. Plus, my own collection of factory literature and contemporary press material etc.
The fourth primary source was the archives held by the JDHT at Browns Lane, where much useful information was gained from examining engineering documents and records.
Secondary sources were comprised mainly of books: Andrew Whyte’s, Philip Porter’s, those of various authors in other fields, and my own. Did I use the internet? For Jaguar topics, only rarely, except for current or recent official company information. This is because much of the information on the internet comes from secondary sources and takes too long to verify. For other makes and events, yes, but very selectively if I do not know the subject well, comparing the information on various sites to check for discrepancies.
I have to admit that, faced with this mass of material, it was a daunting task to categorise it all, assimilate it, and weave all the different threads into a coherent account of Norman’s life and the development of the Jaguar car. But as with all large and complex tasks, it is best to concentrate on completing one section at a time (a chapter in this case), to avoid being intimidated by the immensity of the overall task. I did this in the order of easiest chapters first, that is, the ones that did not require a lot of additional work to pin down obscure (or not so obscure) facts and data.
As each chapter was written, the copy would be read by Norman, Gilbert, and then Warren Allport, who was an Autocar magazine staff writer in the same building as I was working during the 1970s, and who now is a professional freelance sub-editor. Plus, I would ask others to read certain chapters or sections if it seemed worthwhile. I would then produce a final version and send it to Mike Mattock, the designer, for page layout. Mike is a freelance designer who used to work for us on Jaguar World magazine, so I knew and trusted him.
I should add here that Norman himself was a delight to work with. That we had known each other, on and off, for the best part of 40 years helped, but his precise recall of events – many of which I could substantiate through his archives – was of huge benefit. Then through the proofing process, while he picked up a number of errors we had not noticed, he did not (as some might) require lots of immaterial changes to the copy, or interfere with the design of the book.
Then there is the subject of illustrations. These were selected from my own collection, and from Norman’s and the JDHT’s archives. Apart from photographs from the latter, I scanned all photographs and documents here and sent the images, by chapter, to Mike (together with the captions sent as text) on a flash drive. Mike then e-mailed me the chapter design as a low-res pdf which we printed out and proof read, giving Mike any corrections. He would then re-proof, and this process was repeated at least twice for the whole book, with awkward pages sometimes being re-proofed four or five times.
Finally, hi-res printer-ready pdf files were made up by Mike and sent on CDs to the printer in Hong Kong. Within about a week we received by air courier a set of ozalids (paper proofs). If we spotted any further mistakes (ours, not the printer’s – they reproduce exactly what we send) Mike would place a revised pdf of that page on the printer’s website. Not that we captured every single typo (for the reprint we altered 62 pages) but I am satisfied that the book is probably better than average in this respect.
Only during these late stages, when the page numbers had been finalised, could the index be constructed, and this was done with great speed and efficiency by Tony Bailey (who had also read parts of the book and offered useful suggestions – including that I should mention the XJ13 at the beginning of Chapter 1, in order to hint at what Norman would eventually become involved in). Mention of other people who helped are included in the Introduction.
Although I knew that Norman had a good following, motoring biographies have traditionally not faired as well commercially as titles on specific Jaguar models (eg E-type, XK etc) so we were cautious with the first print order of only 1,100 copies. This made the unit price quite high but reduced the risk of us being left with unsold copies. Fortunately, within six weeks it became obvious a reprint was needed, and a further 1,000 copies were ordered. It remains to be seen how long these will last!
Although I had written a number of Jaguar books before, this was the first time I had done so in conjunction with someone who had actually experienced the incidents and the history that was being related. This made a huge difference, especially as Norman has an excellent memory - and when people ask me occasionally how much his stories have changed over the years, I can truthfully say very little! I have taped interviews with Norman going back to the early 1980s, and when I reviewed these while putting the book together, I found that the same events related then and 20 years later were remarkably consistent in their detail.
I first encountered Norman a lot earlier than the 1980s, however, when as a staff photographer on Motor magazine (a weekly that was later merged with Autocar) I used to see him at MIRA from 1966 onwards. At that time and until I left the magazine in 1974 we were both at MIRA pretty much every week. As far as I was concerned, Norman was a legend even back then, but it was not until 1999 that I approached him with the idea of a book on his life at Jaguar.
Fortunately he agreed, and when around 2004 we finally got stuck into the work seriously, I realised that my estimate of the size of book required was hopelessly inadequate. We were then faced with a decision: should we produce a moderately cheap and cheerful book which would be little more than a collection of anecdotes, or forget (within reason) the subject of cost and go for something of a block-buster. The latter was, in my view, necessary if we were to do justice to the unique opportunity which existed to tell the development story of a great marque with the personal input from one of the key players.
Norman concurred with the 'do it properly' approach, so the number of pages increased from the originally scheduled 230 to, eventually, 576... It blew all my costings out of the window (the book was due to be published by my own small publishing company), but on the basis it was best to do the job properly, we went ahead with this more ambitious version.
The book was finally published in November 2006, and it was with some relief that sales have been at a level which will at least ensure the printer gets paid! More importantly, we have had some good reviews and, judging from the letters and messages we've had from those who've received their books, it has gone down well with those enthusiasts it was intended for.
For me, working with Norman has been great fun and highly instructive. I have learnt more about Jaguar over the past five years than in the previous 35. Yes, this is necessarily a personal account written from one predominate viewpoint - Norman's - but I'm convinced it paints a fair picture of how the Jaguar car was developed between 1952 and 1985 - the years Norman was at Browns Lane. That includes road and race cars, of course, as almost uniquely Norman was vitally involved in the development of both (usually the two were separated in the industry).
I could go on a lot longer, and indeed the book could have been twice the size that it is, but I hope this gives members an idea of the background behind Norman's book.
I agree it's not the cheapest motoring book around, but it will cost you as much to fill the tank of an average car a couple of times - and how long will that last?
Paul Skilleter
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