I'm writing this thread after Grosjean's "sketchy" defence versus Sainz and Ricciardo yesterday, which has re-opened the regulatory wounds that have plagued wheel-to-wheel combat since 2016. It is high time the FIA did something about it.
The main purpose of this thread is to discuss the defensive move otherwise referred to as 'weaving' or 'blocking'.
In my opinion, there is a very subtle difference between this and 'moving under braking', and it hasn't been given proper consideration over recent years.
In the interests of context, I will discuss both, but for reasons to be explained later, moving under braking has seemingly faded out of fashion.
A recent history
Weaving/blocking and moving under braking aren't new inventions to a defending driver's repertoire. However, with the modern-day reliance on DRS, electrical deployment, and aero regulations that prohibit close racing, overtaking usually occurs within the very narrow window of an attacking driver carrying a tremendous speed differential down a long straight as they approach their target. Generally, overtaking is still quite difficult, meaning any given on-track engagement could be the only chance to overtake. All of these factors are slowing encouraging desperate defensive moves from those trying to maintain position.
It was Verstappen's arrival in 2016 that ignited a long-dormant debate. In Hungary of that year, he moved under braking twice when fighting Kimi. Two races later he changed tact slightly, and we witnessed his first (and only?) reactionary weave, at 300kph down the Kemmel Straight. Months later it was again a move under braking battling Lewis at Suzuka. Verstappen was often criticised, but never penalised.
Verstappen's occasional defence was to cite the ambiguity of Article 27.6 from the sporting regulations at the time:
More than one change of direction to defend a position is not permitted. Any driver moving back towards the racing line, having earlier defended his position off-line, should leave at least one car width between his own car and the edge of the track on the approach to the corner.
Basically, "I only moved once". On its own, the credibility of this argument could be discussed ad infinitum. That isn't what this thread is about, nor am I deliberately picking on Max, he's just very useful for examples.
On the eve of the 2016 United States Grand Prix, the FIA moved to clarify the defensive rules by issuing a race director's note that said:
Article 27.5 of the Sporting Regulations states that 'no car may be driven in a manner which could be potentially dangerous to other drivers', furthermore, Article 27.8 prohibits any manoeuvre 'liable to hinder other drivers, such as any abnormal change of direction'.
With this in mind, and with the exception of any move permitted by Article 27.6, any change of direction under braking which results in another driver having to take evasive action will be considered abnormal and hence potentially dangerous to other drivers. Any such move will be reported to the stewards.
Crucially, the ruling did not address weaving/blocking. Although, there may have been an implicit understanding amongst drivers and fans that it was supposed to, as noted by Andrew Benson:
The drivers' concerns about Verstappen's driving focus on two main areas: moving - or changing line - under braking; and what is called "wait-and-move".
The second is when a driver defending his position waits to see which side the driver behind will attack on and only moves to defend after he has done so.
[I think this was a crucial point because somehow the two moves almost merged into one, which has muddied the waters ever since.]
Only one race later, Vettel fell foul to the "Verstappen rule" after moving under braking during the hectic final laps in Mexico.
Over the winter, heading into 2017, the race director's note pre-USA was scrapped. Replaced by the evermore ambiguous, "catch-all" sporting regulation that remains today:
At no time may a car be driven unnecessarily slowly, erratically or in a manner which could be deemed potentially dangerous to other drivers or any other person.
Aside from the International Sporting Code (ISC), this is the only F1 sporting regulation that governs racecraft.
Verstappen tested the waters of the new regulations early on in 2017, during a final-lap dice with Ricciardo. General consensus started to form that moving under braking was, in fact, acceptable, as long as it was your only move. Charlie confirmed as much at the start of that year.
It wasn't until Baku 2018 and the infamous Red Bull crash when the tide started to turn. It felt like Formula 1 as a whole took a collective breath, and to my mind, I can't remember any notable "moving under braking" incidents since. Why? I don't know.
However, as one door closed, another opened, giving rise to the reactionary weave or block, which is becoming more common. A few examples:
- Magnussen vs Gasly, Baku 2018
- Magnussen vs Leclerc, Japan 2018
- Ricciardo vs Bottas, Canada 2019 - thanks ARTGP
- Leclerc vs Verstappen, Silverstone 2019
- Leclerc vs Hamilton, Monza 2019
- Grosjean vs Sainz, Silverstone 2020
- Grosjean vs Ricciardo, Silverstone 2020
Grosjean defended his moves yesterday by saying there was nothing in the regulations that specifically prohibited it. Again, the ambiguity of the 2017 catch-all is useless for these borderline decisions.
It also seems that Grosjean himself is confused between "moving under braking" and "weaving/blocking". And again he is falling back on the old adage of "leaving a car's width".
I think a few years ago we really wanted to put a rule in place that you can't move on the braking point after some of Max's defending, but there weren't any rules put in action
I think in both cases I moved a little bit late, but I always left the car width
Masi as well seems to be missing the point:
This has actually come about following extensive discussions with the drivers throughout last year. One of the big areas that the majority of them asked for was a clamping down of cars moving under braking and drivers moving under braking. The stewards have given Romain the warning in accordance with the ISC side of it. And further to that, we've agreed that we will discuss it at the next drivers' meeting and go from there. But it's actually come about as a result of the drivers all requesting a crackdown in that area because they thought it was something that needed to be clamped down on a bit more.
So where do we stand? We are one tiny misjudgement away from a Webber/Valencia airplane style of crash.
I was thinking about adding a poll but the debate has too many layers, so instead, I'm just going to throw some questions I've been pondering.
- Is moving under braking and weaving close enough in practicality to be considered and discussed as one of the same?
- Is moving under braking acceptable if it's your only defensive move?
- Is weaving/blocking acceptable if it's your only defensive move?
- How late is too late?
- Does "leaving a car's width" have any relevance to the discussion?
- Do the FIA need to produce tighter regulation on these types of defensive moves?
7. Is it "defence" or "defense" ?
I have no set expectation of how I want this thread to go, I just wanted to get the ball rolling.
Edited by TomNokoe, 03 August 2020 - 22:14.