The Intercontinental Formula Championship of 1961
#1
Posted 12 February 2002 - 08:48
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#2
Posted 12 February 2002 - 09:25
#3
Posted 12 February 2002 - 09:53
Originally posted by Joe Fan
Does anyone know much about this series? I came across a race report for the Guards Trophy race in 1961 and assumed that it was your typical non-championship F1 race but NOooooo! It supposedly was the second event counting towards the 1961 Intercontinental Formula Championship. What they hey? What was this series all about and who won the drivers (if there was one) and Constructors Championship? Interesting to note that Dan Gurney and Masten Gregory were both entered in this Guards Trophy race in UDT streamlined Lotuses. I didn't know these existed.
Darren is right, the Intercontinental Championship was set up by British teams unhappy with the change from the 2.5 liter engine formula for F1 following the 1960 season.
There only were a few races. It was very hard to find info on them for many years (at least in the states ). Somewhere around here I have results, but if someone else gets to them before that...by all means feel free to post.
Chuck Daigh also drove one of the Scarabs in at least one Intercontinental round.
Jim Thurman
#4
Posted 12 February 2002 - 10:11
#5
Posted 12 February 2002 - 10:20
Lombank Trophy 26 March 1961, Snetterton, England, 37 laps Lap Distance=2.71 miles. Race Distance=100.27 miles. 1 Jack Brabham Cooper-Climax T53 'FII-5-60' 59m31.6, 102.67mph* 2 Cliff Allison Lotus-Climax 18 '915' 1h00m53.2* 3 John Surtees Cooper-Climax T53P 'F1-1-61' 36 laps 4 Henry Taylor Lotus-Climax 18 '916' 36 laps 5 Roy Salvadori Cooper-Climax T53P 'F1-2-61' 35 laps 6 Jim Clark Lotus-Climax 18 '371' 35 laps 7 Tim Parnell Lotus-Climax 18 '904' 34 laps 8 Shane Summers Cooper-Climax T53P 'F1-8-61' 32 laps R Brian Naylor JBW-Maserati R Innes Ireland Lotus-Climax 18 15 laps/gearbox N.B. Combined InterContinental (up to 3 litres) and 1.5 litre F1 race. * InterContinental class Fastest Lap: Innes Ireland (Lotus-Climax 18 '374'), 1:33.6, 104.23mph (InterContinental class) Pole Position: Innes Ireland (Lotus-Climax 18), 1:34.4 John Surtees (Cooper-Climax T53P), 1:38.2 (F1 Class)
1961 - British Empire Trophy
1961 IC Silverstone Stirling Moss Cooper T53-Climax 104.580
#6
Posted 12 February 2002 - 14:04
1 S Moss (Cooper-Climax) 90.47mph
2 B McLaren (Cooper-Climax)
3 G Hill (BRM)
International Trophy, Silverstone
1 S Moss (Cooper-Climax) 87.04mph
2 J Brabham (Cooper-Climax)
3 R Salvadori (Cooper-Climax)
Daigh raced the Scarab, fitted with a 3 litre engine, at Goodwood and twice at Silverstone. We have discussed that before, I think ....
#7
Posted 12 February 2002 - 14:05
March, 25 - Lombank Trophy, Snetterton
April, 3 - Lavant Cup, Goodwood
May, 6 - International Tropy, Silverstone
July, 8 - British Empire Trophy, Silverstone
August, 7 - Guards Trophy, Brands Hatch
Result, Lavant Cup, 21 laps
1. #6 - Stirling Moss - R.R.C. Walker - Cooper T53
2. #14 - Bruce McLaren - C.T. Atkins - Cooper T53
3. #4 - Graham Hill - Owen Racing Organisation - BRM P48
4. #10 - John Surtees - Yeoman Credit Racing Team - Cooper T53
5. #8 - Roy Salvadori - Yeoman Credit Racing Team - Lotus 18
6. #2 - Tony Brooks - Owen Racing Organisation - BRM P48
Other starters:
#12 - Chuck Daigh - Reventlow Automobiles Inc - RAI Scarab. Engine: Meyer-Drake 4-cyl 2.9 litres.
#16 - Geoff Richardson - G.N. Richardson - Cooper RRA-Alta
#18 - Dan Gurney - Mrs. Louise Bryden-Brown - Lotus 18
Stefan
#8
Posted 12 February 2002 - 14:09
#9
Posted 12 February 2002 - 15:22
It may as well have been called Formula Moss. The Golden Boy won 4 of the 5 events, retiring (in the lead) at Brands in August with a broken gearbox.
The International Trophy at Silverstone was arguably one of Moss's finest races. Over 80 soaking wet laps, he lapped the field.
In what must have been decidely uncomfortable conditions (at Silverstone), Chuck Daigh kept the Scarab on the island for the whole race and finished a most creditable seventh.
: The ICF saw the one and only appearance of the rear engined Vanwall.
:yawn: In Surtees' hands, it ran (amazingly) in second at Silverstone before getting away from Surtees at Abbey, and finally finishing fifth.
Jack Brabham even tested the Vanwall in the week prior to the British Empire Trophy (what an embarrassing name) at Silverstone. I bet no-one's got a picture of that! (He declined to race it, on the grounds that the handling was too awful ... which seems to make Surtees' efforts in the rain at Silverstone appear even more heroic!)
The Ferguson made a V-16 BRM-esque appearance at Brands (a week prior to its the British GP at Aintree) in which it stopped yards after the start with the gear selectors failing.
When Brabham inherited his win at Brands in August, it was (I think) his only single seater win of 1961.
Vanwall
#10
Posted 12 February 2002 - 15:26
Buuut, Moss has few races more listed as Int.C. in his appendix to 'All But My Life'. Lemme see,
1. New Zealand Grand Prix; Jan. 7; Ardmore; (15+75) laps; Moss won his heat (20:16.3) and ret. on lap 30 (halfshaft) in Lotus
2. Lady Wigram Trophy; Jan. 21; Wigram Circuit; 47 laps*; Moss was 2nd (1:18:7) despite two shunts in Lotus; * shortened by 50mi because of rain
3. Warwick Farm International; Jan. 29; Warwick Farm; 45 laps; Moss was 1st (1:16:33.9) with FL (80.68mph) in Lotus
4. Lavant Cup; April 3; Goodwood; 21 laps; Moss was 1st (33:25.6) in Cooper
5. International Trophy Race; May 6; Silverstone; 80 laps; Moss was 1st (2:41:19.2) with FL (93.75mph) in Cooper
6. Empire Trophy; July 8; Silverstone; 52 laps; Moss was 1st (1:27:19.2) with FL (86.40mph) in Cooper
7. Guards Trophy; Aug. 7; Brands Hatch; 76 laps; Moss retired on lap 24 (gearbox) in Cooper
I do not know whether all this races were part of C'ship (maybe there were non-c'ship Intercontinental Formula races ), or if there were others- I only have listed the ones Moss took part in.
#11
Posted 12 February 2002 - 16:23
May Silverstone -Daily Express International Trophy-held as above.
May 30-Indy 500-held but not for ICF-continuing tradition-1950-60!
Jun-Monza Lottery GP-cancelled
Aug- Brands Hatch-Guards Trophy-held as above.
Sep-Turin-The Grand Prix of the Century-cancelled
Oct- Watkins Glen GP-replaced by US F1 GP after Riverside withdrew from that.
As only 3 events were held,and the rules required a minimum of 5,the championship was declared null & void. The italian races were either cancelled because Ferrari decided not to support the formula or v.v.
Wolf: The New Zealand races were actually F.Libre.
#12
Posted 12 February 2002 - 20:57
The International Trophy at Silverstone was arguably one of Moss's finest races. Over 80 soaking wet laps, he lapped the field.
Even less than that. He took the lead on lap 23 and had lapped the field by lap 54. It was this race that caused Brabham to say, "I'd be upset if he was human". Moss was in good form at the time; the week before he had a magnificent race in the Targa Florio, the week after, that win at Monaco.
Jack Brabham even tested the Vanwall in the week prior to the British Empire Trophy (what an embarrassing name) at Silverstone. I bet no-one's got a picture of that! (He declined to race it, on the grounds that the handling was too awful ...
Ron Tauranac, who was in Britain designing the MRD was asked to do some rigidity testing of the Vanwall chassis. He did this by simply screwing it to the wall and trying to bend it with levers. He found it to be not very rigid at all.
The Ferguson made a V-16 BRM-esque appearance at Brands (a week prior to its the British GP at Aintree) in which it stopped yards after the start with the gear selectors failing.
Silverstone of course, and it managed a couple of laps.
#13
Posted 12 February 2002 - 22:54
Originally posted by Rob29
6 events were listed for the Intercontinental Cup on the 1961 FIA international calendar:
May Silverstone -Daily Express International Trophy-held as above.
May 30-Indy 500-held but not for ICF-continuing tradition-1950-60!
Jun-Monza Lottery GP-cancelled
Aug- Brands Hatch-Guards Trophy-held as above.
Sep-Turin-The Grand Prix of the Century-cancelled
Oct- Watkins Glen GP-replaced by US F1 GP after Riverside withdrew from that.
As only 3 events were held,and the rules required a minimum of 5,the championship was declared null & void. The italian races were either cancelled because Ferrari decided not to support the formula or v.v.
Wolf: The New Zealand races were actually F.Libre.
This info seems to fit the info I have since the race report of the Guards Trophy race states that this it was the second of the ICF series. Why doesn't this info jive with everyone elses info which believes that the the 1961 Lombank Trophy and the Lavant Cup races were ICF races. Anybody got an explanation? The deeper and deeper I get into motorsport research, the more errors and inconsistencies I find. It makes writing a motorbook a big hassle as you feel that you have to get supporting evidence for everything you write just to be sure. Sometimes this isn't always easy or possible.
#14
Posted 12 February 2002 - 23:20
Originally posted by Roger Clark
Silverstone of course, and it managed a couple of laps.
Mea Culpa re. the location. The head said Silverstone, the fingers tapped out Brands. BUT .... and here I will confess I'm going from a distant memory ... I thought Jack Fairman took to the grass immediately after the start to avoid someone and the resultant bumping threw the gear selectors into a state of confusion.
Vanwall
#15
Posted 12 February 2002 - 23:30
In addition, perhaps the shorter races were held under National rather than International regulations - maybe in hope of attracting larger fields including some Formule Libre single-seaters.
#16
Posted 12 February 2002 - 23:52
At a joint meeting with members of the CSI undr president A Perouse it was agreed that the 1961 World's Championship of Drivers would be decided on formula One races, but tat in addition there would be an Inter-Continental Formula with separate trophies for drivers and manufacturers. Unexpectedly it was agreed without dispute that this formula would be for unsuercharged cars running on commercial fuel with an engine capcity not exceeding 3000 cc and not less than 2000cc. THere would be no other restrictions imposed in 1961, and if this Formula gains support next year the CSI is favourably disposed to having hte 1962 World Championship based upon races to both F1 and the Inter-Continantal Formula. Following Jack Brabham's visit to Indianapolis, the Americans showed more enthusiasm for the idea of 3-litre cars than ever before, and suceeded in a plea that Indianapolis and its current regulations should count in the Inter-Continental series in 1961 so as to give time and further encouragment to United States car owners to develop 3-litre machines.
Not so happy was the eventual list of Inter-continental races, which the manufacturers stated must total not less than six. The list drawn up in Paris consisted of Silverstone 6 May, Indianapolis 30 May, Monza 29 June, Turin 17 September and Watkins Glen 8 October, but now that the Formula has been finalised, it is expeced that two or three more races will be nominated during the next few weeks.
So that all worked as planned!
#17
Posted 13 February 2002 - 00:01
Originally posted by Vanwall
Mea Culpa re. the location. The head said Silverstone, the fingers tapped out Brands. BUT .... and here I will confess I'm going from a distant memory ... I thought Jack Fairman took to the grass immediately after the start to avoid someone and the resultant bumping threw the gear selectors into a state of confusion.
Vanwall
He did, and it was Salvadori. However, Fairman continued and passed five cars on the first lap. During practice there had been a lot of trouble with the brakes and the drivers had had to use the gearbox for a number of emrgency stops. THese had put a strain on the shafts and caused the race failure.
Another interesting point about the Inter-Continental formula races is why Moss always drove a Cooper rather than the Lotus he favoured for Formula 1. Perhaps it was just to show that he could win in anything.
#18
Posted 13 February 2002 - 00:17
#19
Posted 13 February 2002 - 00:20
Originally posted by Roger Clark
Perhaps it was just to show that he could win in anything.
Well he just about could!!
Except the wretched ERA G type
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#20
Posted 13 February 2002 - 00:31
I gues he never forgave Bourne ppl for that one. BTW, how did Fangio report of the car?
#21
Posted 13 February 2002 - 04:06
From what I recall, there was quite a bit of discussion about the formula and the CSI passed out some new regs in the latter part of 1961. In the US this caused some hope since it would have allowed the use of stockblock/pushrod engines from the BOP cars of the period. And there was even hope that the engines would go to 366 cubic inch stock blocks. And when 1962 and then 1963 dawned....
#22
Posted 13 February 2002 - 07:18
There's no conflict here, Joe. The Snetterton and Goodwood races were ICF events, but not part of the championship series listed elsewhere on this threadOriginally posted by Joe Fan
the race report of the Guards Trophy race states that it was the second of the ICF series. Why doesn't this info jive with everyone elses info which believes that the the 1961 Lombank Trophy and the Lavant Cup races were ICF races. Anybody got an explanation?
#23
Posted 13 February 2002 - 08:59
To complete this subject;for 1962 a revised ICF was anounced by the FIA with a 5 litre stock block class added,but no dates . A couple of British drivers stuffed big V8s in their old F2 cars,but had to made do with clubbie Libre races until the idea was revived as FA & F5000 a few years later.
#24
Posted 13 February 2002 - 21:58
Jan 7: New Zealand GPOriginally posted by Vanwall
When Brabham inherited his win at Brands in August, it was (I think) his only single seater win of 1961.
Vanwall
Jan 21: Lady Wigram Trophy
Mar 26: Lombank Trophy
Apr 9: GP de Bruxelles
Apr 22: Aintree 200
Aug 7: Guards Trophy
I make that six single-seater wins for Black Jack in '61!;)
#25
Posted 26 June 2007 - 10:34
I was very surprised to find that the ICF was actually announced in principle by M. Pérouse in London in 1958, at the same time as the new Formula 1 for 1961. It was supposed to be discussed by a joint US/British/Italian committee but was "left somewhat vague" in the announcement. Reading between the lines, this may have been a last-minute addition - Pérouse's surprise announcement of the new formula had been greeted by booing and cries of "Shame!" by the assembled - mainly British - audience at the RAC. Another clue might be that Johnny Lurani "loudly protested that Italy had not voted for the new Formula."Originally posted by Roger Clark
From Motor Racing November 1960
At a joint meeting with members of the CSI undr president A Perouse it was agreed that the 1961 World's Championship of Drivers would be decided on formula One races, but tat in addition there would be an Inter-Continental Formula with separate trophies for drivers and manufacturers. Unexpectedly it was agreed without dispute that this formula would be for unsuercharged cars running on commercial fuel with an engine capcity not exceeding 3000 cc and not less than 2000cc. THere would be no other restrictions imposed in 1961, and if this Formula gains support next year the CSI is favourably disposed to having hte 1962 World Championship based upon races to both F1 and the Inter-Continantal Formula. Following Jack Brabham's visit to Indianapolis, the Americans showed more enthusiasm for the idea of 3-litre cars than ever before, and suceeded in a plea that Indianapolis and its current regulations should count in the Inter-Continental series in 1961 so as to give time and further encouragment to United States car owners to develop 3-litre machines.
Not so happy was the eventual list of Inter-continental races, which the manufacturers stated must total not less than six. The list drawn up in Paris consisted of Silverstone 6 May, Indianapolis 30 May, Monza 29 June, Turin 17 September and Watkins Glen 8 October, but now that the Formula has been finalised, it is expeced that two or three more races will be nominated during the next few weeks.
So that all worked as planned!
Quotes from Rodney Walkerley's "Brooklands to Goodwood" p209
#26
Posted 26 June 2007 - 12:09
I was very surprised to find that the ICF was actually announced in principle by M. Pérouse in London in 1958, at the same time as the new Formula 1 for 1961.
That is perhaps one interpretation, but I had the sensing that the meeting was held in the Fall of 1960 given that the lack any mention of the ICF prior to that time.
Given the general uproar and fervent jingoism that the October 1958 anouncement created/ unleashed, it seems at odds with what might/would have been the case had M. Pérouse also brought up the ICF proposal at the same time.
The ICF was adopted by the USAC as one of the categories or classes that promoters could use for rounds in the USAC Road racing Championship in 1962 -- Bossier City and IRP being two of the more notable instances that the class was included for the events counting towards the RRC. I haven't seen any mention of this in the tread to this point unless I just overlooked it.
#27
Posted 26 June 2007 - 12:28
#28
Posted 27 June 2007 - 02:07
As I recall, Reventlow Automobiles Inc. built the one-off rear engine Scarab formula car because the rules supposedly allowed the use of push rod US V-8s. The car was designed to use an aluminum Buick V-8, recently introduced. (An aside: this engine was around for a long, long time and was the basis for the Rover V-8). However, the rules were changed (?) to not only specify stock blocks, but also stock heads. RAI quickly realized that they were through; without being able to modify the head, there was no point as the power would not be there. So RAI canned the project and raced the car but once, in Australia in early 1962 at Sandown Park (?) with Daigh driving. It finished fourth behind three Climax four cylinder powered cars. The car then had a very mysterious life and I understand that it was owned by the late Ali Lugo for a while, and is now in the possession of some chap on the US west coast, appearing at the occasional vintage event.Originally posted by Don Capps
From what I recall, there was quite a bit of discussion about the formula and the CSI passed out some new regs in the latter part of 1961. In the US this caused some hope since it would have allowed the use of stockblock/pushrod engines from the BOP cars of the period.
Tom
(feel free to correct this memory!)
#29
Posted 28 May 2011 - 06:27
Jesper
#30
Posted 28 May 2011 - 09:37
#31
Posted 28 May 2011 - 10:07
..but why the 3-litre limit on engines?
Edit: just noticed that the World Sports Prototypes were running to a 3-litre maximum capacity during 1958-1961. Would this have influenced the same 3-litre size for Formula Intercontinental?
Jesper
Edited by Jesper O. Hansen, 28 May 2011 - 10:19.
#32
Posted 28 May 2011 - 10:43
With regard to Moss' wet win at Silverstone, I once asked him what he considered his finest ever race and he instantly recalled that performance, he is obviously very proud of that result.
Edited by Bauble, 28 May 2011 - 10:49.
#33
Posted 28 May 2011 - 14:44
Regarding the introduction of the 1.5 F1 cars for 1961, I believe these rules were originally "designed" to suit the British teams. This mostly from what I have read and how my dad remembered it. The fact that Ferrari dominated the first year were mainly down to the fact that they were the only team to work towards the opening 1961 race AND being ready at the same time.
Jesper
#34
Posted 28 May 2011 - 19:29
The 1.5 rules might have been designed to suit the British teams, but the teams certainly didn't appreciate them. I'll try to find some references, but in the meantime just say there was an outcry from the British teams, who not only threatened to boycott the new F1, but promoted an alternative formula (Intercontinental) more acceptable to themRegarding the introduction of the 1.5 F1 cars for 1961, I believe these rules were originally "designed" to suit the British teams. This mostly from what I have read and how my dad remembered it. The fact that Ferrari dominated the first year were mainly down to the fact that they were the only team to work towards the opening 1961 race AND being ready at the same time.
It was their holding out - the engine-makers rather than the teams - in support for Intercontinental that left them unready when they realised their battle was lost, and Ferrari especially, but also Porsche, were able to set the pace in 1961 F1
If I'm looking for references I'll also see if I can find why 3.0 litres was agreed for Intercontinental (I can't remember...)
#35
Posted 28 May 2011 - 21:26
Most of the engines were 2.7 litre FPFs with the odd 3 litre Maserati engine thrown in. As usual everybody agreed that they didn't want a 1.5 litre F1, except Ferrari, so the FIA did what Ferrari wanted - Plus ca change.....
#36
Posted 28 May 2011 - 21:52
#37
Posted 28 May 2011 - 21:55
Mike Hawthorn's Champion Year has something along the lines of the rule change being a joke and hugely opposed by the RAC, if I remember correctly.The 1.5 rules might have been designed to suit the British teams, but the teams certainly didn't appreciate them. I'll try to find some references, but in the meantime just say there was an outcry from the British teams, who not only threatened to boycott the new F1, but promoted an alternative formula (Intercontinental) more acceptable to them
#38
Posted 28 May 2011 - 21:57
DCN
#39
Posted 28 May 2011 - 22:00
DCN
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#40
Posted 28 May 2011 - 22:00
DCN
Edited by Doug Nye, 28 May 2011 - 22:02.
#41
Posted 29 May 2011 - 05:17
Yes, except no 2.7 FPFsFrom memory the majority of the engines used were in fact 2.5-litre ex-F1 FPF units from Climax and the BRM Type 25 plus a smattering of larger Indy-style FPFs and Maserati, Aston, Scarab etc mixed in.
#42
Posted 29 May 2011 - 09:38
I think that the reason for the 3 litre limit was the hope the the Americans would adopt a similar size. The name of the formula may contain a clue.
#43
Posted 29 May 2011 - 11:22
As previously mentioned most entries were 2.5 litre cars for this shortened championship, from either BRM, Cooper or Lotus breeding.
The following are the exceptions, from the Silverstone entries -
#15 Lorenzo Bandini Cooper-Maserati / Scuderia Centro-Sud 2700
#16 Massimo Natali Cooper-Maserati / Scuderia Centro-Sud 2700
#17 Chuck Daigh Scarab / Reventlow Automobiles Inc 2900
#18 Giulio Cadianca Cooper-Ferrari / Scuderia Castelotti 2999
#24 Tony Marsh Cooper (Maserati) / Fred Tuck 2700
#28 John Surtees Vanwall / G A Vandervell 2600
I believe #18 was a DNS, with Surtees running of the rear engine Vanwall a last minute thing (after Brabham declined). JS was originally entered to run a Yeoman Credit Cooper
Stephen
#44
Posted 01 June 2011 - 21:44
I believe #18 was a DNS, with Surtees running of the rear engine Vanwall a last minute thing (after Brabham declined). JS was originally entered to run a Yeoman Credit Cooper
Stephen
John's recall is that Mr Vandervell went ahead with building the rear-engined Vanwall specifically for him - he regards it still as 'my car'. First I have heard of it having been offered to Jack Brabham. He certainly did not need it.
DCN
#45
Posted 01 June 2011 - 22:27
According to his column in Motor Racing, Brabham tried the car on the Thursday before the British Empire Trophy, Surtees having already decided not to race it again. Brabham lapped about three seconds slower than in the Cooper. He could have gone faster but felt that work was needed on the suspension before it could be competitive.John's recall is that Mr Vandervell went ahead with building the rear-engined Vanwall specifically for him - he regards it still as 'my car'. First I have heard of it having been offered to Jack Brabham. He certainly did not need it.
DCN
Edited by Roger Clark, 01 June 2011 - 22:29.