Recently F1 has been through a period where nobody has continued into their 40s until Schumacher and then Raikkonen decided to. Whereas up to the early 90s it wasn't uncommon. Though Mansell is still the last to win a grand prix over the age of 40.
In the 50s and before, it's likely that fitness levels simply weren't what they are now. Endurance was a thing because races were often much longer than today. But you didn't have gyms, special diets, fitness gurus and so on. The cars, while heavy to drive without a whiff of power steering, also had no downforce and little grip from the tyres. As cars evolved, so drivers needed to become stronger in certain areas. Lauda in his 80s comeback was one of the first to take fitness seriously. Mansell took things up a level for 1992 and then Schumacher took it further still.
F1 also became more professional with testing every week during the season, and often during the off season. Drivers were physically and mentally drained. Safety meant that long careers were certainly very feasible but a lot of drivers still decided to retire from F1 in their late 30s and either enjoy their retirement or race elsewhere. IndyCar, being less physically and mentally hard, had several top drivers winning in their 40s and AJ Foyt was hardly uncompetitive on ovals into his mid 50s. Emmo was fully competitive right to the crash that ended his topline career in his late 40s. Guys like Rick Mears, Mario Andretti, Al Unser Sr, Johnny Rutherford and so on continued to race competitively well into "elder statesman" territory. Indeed former FIA president Jean-Marie Balestre once dismissed the Indy 500 as "a veterans race".
Now it seems that some of the top F1 drivers are looking to have extra long careers again. Schumacher was the very first to have 20 years between his first and last grand prix. It's entirely possible that Alonso will be the first to have 20 years between his first and last victory. If not, then it'll probably be Hamilton.
I think it's a combination of the full on pressure of F1 and the physical demands. A lot of drivers, while physically capable of continuing, just decide they want out of the pressure cooker after 10-15 years. It's worth noting that ALonso, Kimi and Michael took time out of F1...whether voluntary or not it permitted them time to recharge a bit. Hamilton hasn't had that luxury but it can certainly be argued that 2021/22 seasons he wasn't performing at his best.
Edited by absinthedude, 20 January 2025 - 15:14.